Ultrasound Education Library Part II

Cervical Lymph Node Ultrasound and FNA Biopsy (Angela Leung, MD, MSc)

Diffuse Thyroid Disease: Sonographic Appearance (Jill Langer, MD)

How to perform Percutaneous Ethanol Injection of Thyroid Cysts and Solid Nodules (Dev Abraham, MD, MRCP (UK))

Parathyroid Ultrasound (Barry Sacks, MD, FSIR, FACR)

A Guide to the Use of Thermal Ablation for Thyroid Nodules, part I (Background) (Enrico Papini, MD, PhD, Giancarlo Bizzarri, Andrea Frasoldati, MD, PhD, Alfredo Pontecorvi, MD, PhD, Roberto Novizio, MD, Giovanni Mauri, MD, Rinaldo Guglielmi)

A Guide to the Use of Thermal Ablation for Thyroid Nodules, part II (Clinical Data) (Enrico Papini, MD, PhD, Giancarlo Bizzarri, Andrea Frasoldati, MD, PhD, Alfredo Pontecorvi, MD, PhD, Roberto Novizio, MD, Giovanni Mauri, MD, Rinaldo Guglielmi)

The Ablation Option for Primary and Recurrent Thyroid Cancer (Enrico Papini, MD, PhD, Giancarlo Bizzarri, Andrea Frasoldati, MD, PhD, Alfredo Pontecorvi, MD, PhD, Roberto Novizio, MD, Giovanni Mauri, MD, Rinaldo Guglielmi)

Challenges in US Imaging of Neck Structures (R. Mack Harrell, MD, FACP, FACE, ECNU)

Micro-Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (Sara Ahmadi, MD, ECNU)

Thyroid Nodules: Discordant Sonographic Features and Molecular Tests (Kristen Kobaly, MD)

ATA Guidelines and ACR TIRADs: More Similar than Meets the Eye (Franklin Tessler, MD, CM, FAIUM, FSRU)

Learning Objectives:

• Understand the similarities between the ATA Guidelines and ACR-TIRADs risk stratification systems.
• Understand how knowledge of parathyroid embryology helps knowing where to search for parathyroid adenomas and demonstrate the classic and atypical appearance of parathyroid adenomas on ultrasound as well as the importance of doppler to assess vascularity.
• Understand the malignant transformation of lymph nodes and how these features affect ultrasound appearance.
• Understand the features that can help identify malignancy in the background of diffuse thyroid disease on ultrasound.
• Understand the Bethesda system for reporting cytopathology and identify ultrasound findings in cases of discordant surgical pathology and molecular testing results.
• Identify how understanding ultrasound technology and it advantages and limitations for neck imaging can help improve patient care.
• Understand ideal versus inappropriate versus appropriate candidates for active surveillance.
• Understand the etiology and pathogenesis of thyroid cysts and the procedure and efficacy of percutaneous ethanol injection with safety precautions.
• Identify when minimally invasive treatments should be considered as alternatives to surgery or follow-up in select patients with thyroid nodules.
• Understand the clinical data and outcomes regarding the use of thermal ablative techniques for treatment of thyroid nodules.
• Understand the indications for and clinical outcomes of ablative therapies for primary and recurrent thyroid cancer and the use of ablative therapies as a palliative option.